The roots of the industry in the United States go back to itinerant peddlers, small shopkeepers, and merchant importers that began in the early days of Boston, New York, and Philadelphia. Thousands of men walked the countryside selling the goods they could carry on their back. When profits permitted, they purchased horses and carts and expanded their assortments of goods. Later the development of the railroads, waterways, roads, and towns engendered stores put the retail industry a step further.
Three new forms of retailing that would dominate sales for the next century began in the second half of the nineteenth century: the modern department store, and the chain store. Department stores evolved from dry goods and clothing stores as the owners expanded their operations by adding new classifications of merchandise, while chain stores preached mass purchasing and low operating costs.
The 1930s witnessed the movement to self-service food supermarkets. The first self-service stores started in 1911, being followed with innovations such as shopping baskets and carts, open shelving, no clerks, and store layouts that led to the first self-service stores.
Private car ownership stimulated the development of supermarkets and hypermarkets from the late 1950s, adding to the retail competition in food, home improvement equipment, and household goods and furniture. Since the early 1980s some stores have been relocated in large purpose-built shopping malls. The modern U.S. retail industry is dominated by huge retail giants owning thousands of stores in the United States and in other countries.

The primary purpose of retail space is to stock and sell product to consumers, so the spaces must be designed in a way that promotes an enjoyable and hassle-free shopping experience for the consumer. Retail spaces must also be designed to draw people into the space to shop. The storefront must act as a bllboard for the store, often employing large display windows that allow shoppers to see into the space and the product inside.
Sources:
1. Renderings by www.vayersoft.com
2. Brisco, Jerry. "Retailing Industry." Dictionary of American History. The Gale Group Inc. 2003.
3. www.wikipedia.com



